Sunday, March 11, 2012

"Photography | 1839 - 1960s AD"

Until the 1880s, how were news stories illustrated?  Engravings and woodcuts

What is a camera obscura? A way for philosophers and scholars to observe light (dark chamber); it is an optical device that projects an image of its surroundings onto a screen.
Post an example of a camera obscura.

How did scholars and artists utilize the camera obscure?  It was used for eclipses and phases of the moon to be seen.

From where did the photographic camera develop? The portable box of the shrunken camera obscure.

Who first used the term "photography"? Where was is derived from? Sir John Hershel; it was derived from the Greek words of writing and light.
Post an the first photograph.  

Who is credited with making the first successful photograph?  Joseph Niecpe was credited.
Post an example of a Daguerreotype image.
 
Who invented the Daguerreotype process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?  Louis Daguerre; advantages:it created a direct positive image and the exposure time was reduced to half of the normal time; disadvantage: expensive and the image could not be duplicated
Post an example of a Calotype image.
 
Who invented the Calotype process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process? William Fox Talbot; advantages: the subject was exposed onto light-sensitive paper producing paper and the basis of modern photography; negatives:instant craze and a need for duplicating 
Post an example of a Wet Collodion Process image.
 
Who invented the Wet Collodion process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process? Frederick Scott Archer; advantages: reduced exposure time by two to three seconds, cost less, glass plates produced a much sharper image; disadvantages: darkrooms had to be portable
Post an example of a Dry Plate Process image.
 
Who invented the Dry Plate process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?  Richard Maddox; advantages: gelatin was added to the glass plates making the base easier; disadvantages: still did not find a way to take photos easily for the general people

Who is George Eastman? What company did he establish? A man who made photography accessible to all; he established Kodak.
Post an example of The Kodak Camera from 1888.
 
In 1888, he produced a camera that use his flexible roll film. How did he make this camera/photography accessible to the public? The flexible roll film sped up the process of recording multiple images.

What is Edwin Land best known for? What company did he establish?  Patenting polarized light filters and his invention of instant photography; he established Polaroid.
Post a photo of the first Polaroid camera.
 
How long did the first Polaroid camera take to produce a photo?  It took one minute.

What was Eadweard Muybridge known for?  His work for using multiple cameras to capture motion.
Post a photo of the Zoopraxiscope.
 
What is the Zoopraxiscope?  A device used to project a series of images in phases of motion.
Post a photo of Muybridge's horse in motion.  

How did Muybridge settle the debate and photograph a horse in motion?  He place cameras in a line which would then be triggered as a horse passed by; this concluded that horses to lift all four legs when running in motion.
In 1880s, the development of the motion picture camera allowed this?  It allowed individual images to be captured ans stored on a single film reel.
Post a photo of a motion picture projector. 

What is a motion picture projector?  An invention that shined light through film and magnify the moving picture onto a screen for an audience.

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